Meaning & origin

Tough cookie

  • 2 sources
  • 4 alternate wordings
  • 3 usage examples
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Meaning

A person who is resilient, unflappable and hard to intimidate - someone who absorbs setbacks or pressure without giving in; usually admiring, as in 'one tough cookie'. Informal and American in origin, though now widely understood. Informal and usually admiring or amused; can sound patronising if used about a colleague in a formal setting. Regional use: American English.

Origin

Built on early twentieth-century American slang 'cookie' for a person of a specified kind, a sense the Oxford English Dictionary records from 1913 and groups with 'smart cookie'. Green's Dictionary of Slang cites 'tough cookie', glossed as a survivor, someone emotionally or physically strong, from 1915, with citations running to 2014; the Historical Dictionary of American Slang adds examples from 1942. The image plays on 'tough' as a texture: a cookie too hard to crumble, hence a person too sturdy to break. Claims of a 1970s coinage circulate online, but the record shows the phrase was established half a century earlier.

Research Sources

References used to check this entry’s meaning, history, or documented forms.

  1. tough, adj. (entry including the compound 'tough cookie') Green's Dictionary of Slang
  2. Tough cookie - Phrase Finder bulletin-board discussion citing HDAS The Phrase Finder (phrases.org.uk)

Variants

  • a real tough cookie
  • one tough cookie
  • quite a tough cookie
  • tough cookies

Usage Examples

  • After her third knee reconstruction, Marta was back on the slopes within a year; she is one tough cookie.
  • The new sergeant struck the recruits as a tough cookie who had seen everything twice over.
  • You have to be a tough cookie to run a night-market stall through a midwinter season.

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